Although there are sex differences in the effects of alcohol on immune responses, it is
unclear if sex differences in immune response can influence drinking behavior. Activation of …

Many genes differentially expressed in brain tissue from human alcoholics and animals that
have consumed large amounts of alcohol are components of the innate immune toll-like …

Background Molecular and behavioral studies support a role for innate immune
proinflammatory pathways in mediating the effects of alcohol. Increased levels of Toll‐like …

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a critical component of innate immune signaling and has been
implicated in alcohol responses in preclinical and clinical models. Members of the …

Previous studies showed that mice with genetic predisposition for high alcohol consumption
as well as human alcoholics show changes in brain expression of genes related to immune …

Background The inbred mouse strain C57BL/6 is widely used in both models of addiction
and immunological disease. However, there are pronounced phenotypic differences in …

Background In our companion article, we examined the role of MyD88‐dependent signaling
in ethanol (EtOH) consumption in mice lacking key components of this inflammatory pathway …

Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling may play an important role in the neuroimmune system's
involvement in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD). In the …

Overactivation of neuroimmune signaling has been linked to excessive ethanol
consumption. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major component of innate immune signaling …

There is growing evidence that immune signalling may be involved in both the causes and
consequences of alcohol abuse. Toll‐like receptor (TLR) expression is increased by alcohol …