Splanchnic mesoderm in the region described as the second heart field (SHF) is marked by
Islet1 expression in the mouse embryo. The anterior part of this region expresses a number …

Background Normal development of the atria requires left-right differentiation during
embryonic development. Reduced expression of Pitx2c (paired-like homeodomain …

The homeobox gene Pitx2 has been characterized as a mediator of left-right signaling in
heart, gut, and lung morphogenesis. However, the relationship between the developmental …

The Pitx2 gene regulates left-right (L/R) asymmetrical cardiac morphogenesis. Constitutive
Pitx2 knock out (ko) mice die before birth and display, among other defects, right atrial …

Aims The sinus venous myocardium, comprising the sinoatrial node (SAN) and sinus horns
(SH), is a region subject to congenital malformations and cardiac arrhythmias. It …

The right ventricle and outflow tract of the developing heart are derived from mesodermal
progenitor cells from the second heart field (SHF). SHF cells have been characterized by …

The homeobox transcription factor Pitx2 displays a highly specific expression pattern during
embryogenesis. Gain and loss of function experiments have unraveled its pivotal role in left …

The Pitx2 gene encodes a homeobox transcription factor that is required for mammalian
development. Disruption of PITX2 expression in humans causes congenital heart diseases …

Cardiac development is a complex morphogenetic process initiated as bilateral cardiogenic
mesoderm is specified at both sides of the gastrulating embryo. Soon thereafter, these …

Pitx2 is a bicoid-related homeodomain transcription factor that plays a critical role in
directing cardiac asymmetric morphogenesis. Ectopic Pitx2c expression in the developing …