ICS are anti-inflammatory agents which have been suggested to benefit people with
worsening symptoms of COPD, by improving lung function, reducing exacerbation of …

Background Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are known to increase the risk of pneumonia in
patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is unclear whether the risk of …

Objective Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are generally used to treat patients with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who suffer from repeated exacerbations. Recently, it …

Background: Whether all types of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) would increase the
pneumonia risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains …

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are important in reducing exacerbation frequency associated
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, little is known about the risk …

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) treatment combined with long-acting β2-adrenoceptor
agonists (LABAs) reduces the risk of exacerbations in COPD, but the use of ICSs is …

Background The use of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) has been associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in …

Introduction Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are recommended for patients with frequent
exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, accumulating …

Background Use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) increases the risk of pneumonia in chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the magnitude of risk with different ICS remains …

To investigate the association between inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) exposure patterns and
the risk of pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, we …