STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the cognitive function in a large, ongoing cohort study of
older men, and to identify associations with social and lifestyle factors. DESIGN: A cross …

The authors examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relation of smoking habits and
current alcohol intake to cognitive status and decline over a 3-year period as well as the …

To determine whether smoking habits and alcohol consumption are related to changes in
cognitive function, the authors conducted a prospective, community-based study of persons …

Cross-sectional studies of the associations of alcohol and tobacco use with cognitive
function do not take into account behavior change after memory loss or differential survival …

Abstract The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study administered cognitive function
tests to more than 14,000 middle-aged adults in 1990–1992. The battery included the …

The authors studied whether the ability of cognitive functioning to predict mortality is
pervasive or specific, and they considered the role of health in the cognition-mortality …

In the elderly, cigarette smoking has been related to reduced cognitive performance and
moderate alcohol consumption to increased cognitive performance. It is not clear whether …

The associations between cigarette smoking history and later cognitive performance were
examined among 3, 429 Japanese-American participants of the Honolulu Heart Program …

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that there is an inverse relationship between smoking
and cognitive impairment by examining the prevalence and incidence of such impairment in …

The authors investigated the relation between alcohol consumption and cognitive function in
a United Kingdom cohort study (4,272 men, 1,761 women) with median follow-up of 11 …