Sexual reproduction is widespread among eukaryotes, and the sex-determining processes
vary greatly among species. While genetic sex determination (GSD) has been intensively …

Sexual reproduction is a fundamental aspect of life. It is defined by the occurrence of meiosis
and the fusion of two gametes of different sexes or mating types. Sex-determination …

Background Sex determination occurs across animal species, but most of our knowledge
about its mechanisms comes from only a handful of bilaterian taxa. This limits our ability to …

Sex change has been widely studied in animals and plants. However, the conditions
favoring sex change, its mode and timing remain poorly known. Here, for the first time in …

Background A common feature of most genetic sex-determination systems studied so far is
that sex is determined by nonrecombining genomic regions, which can be of various sizes …

Diverse sex determination mechanisms have been reported in eukaryotes, but little is known
about the genetic pathways leading to sex determination in red algae. Sex‐specific genes …

Sex change occurs when an individual changes from one functional sex to another. The
direction of sex change occurs mainly from male to female (protandry) or vice versa …

Sexuality and reproductive mode are two fundamental life-history traits that exhibit largely
unexplained macroevolutionary patterns among the major groups of multicellular organisms …

Mechanisms of sex determination vary greatly among animals. Here we survey what is
known in Cnidaria, the clade that forms the sister group to Bilateria and shows a broad array …

A surprising diversity of mechanisms controls sex determination of vertebrate organisms,
even among closely related species. Both genetic and temperature-dependent systems of …