Background Lactic acid produced by tumors has been shown to overcome immune
surveillance, by suppressing the activation and function of T cells in the tumor …

Understanding tumor metabolism is important for the development of anticancer therapies.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of colorectal adenocarcinomas showed that cancer cells …

The perils and promises of inspiratory hyperoxia (IH) in oncology are still controversial,
especially for patients with lung cancer. Increasing evidence shows that hyperoxia exposure …

Tumors contain oxygenated and hypoxic regions, so the tumor cell population is
heterogeneous. Hypoxic tumor cells primarily use glucose for glycolytic energy production …

Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF) are a key component in the tumor microenvironment
and play functional roles in tumor metastasis and resistance to chemotherapies. We have …

Tumors are often viewed as unique entities with specific behaviors. However, tumors are a
mixture of differentially evolved subpopulations of cells in constant Darwinian evolution …

Cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs) are thought to be the main cause of tumor occurrence,
progression and therapeutic resistance. Strong research efforts in the last decade have led …

Lactate extensively involves in gastric cancer (GC) progression, such as suppressing
immune cells function and facilitating tumor angiogenesis. However, it remains unclear …

Metabolic reprogramming is one of fourteen hallmarks of tumor cells, among which aerobic
glycolysis, often known as the “Warburg effect,” is essential to the fast proliferation and …

Purpose: Cancer cells grow in an unfavorable metabolic milieu in the tumor
microenvironment and are constantly exposed to metabolic stress such as chronic nutrient …