Bronchodilators remain central to the symptomatic management of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and asthma, and, for this reason and also because the patent protection …

Introduction: Long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists (LAMAs) are central to the
treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because of the important role of …

Bronchodilators, generally administered via metered dose or dry powder inhalers, are the
mainstays of pharmacological treatment of stable COPD. Inhaled long-acting beta-agonists …

ABSTRACT Introduction: Long-acting β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) agonists (LABAs) plus long-
acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) is the cornerstone for treating chronic obstructive …

Bronchodilators provide improvements in lung function and reductions in symptoms and
exacerbations, and are the mainstay of pharmacological management of chronic obstructive …

Highlights•Dual bronchodilator therapy has clinical benefits in COPD.•Combining a LABA
with a LAMA synergistically relaxes medium and small airways.•In some approved …

The use of muscarinic receptor antagonists in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) is well established. More recently, the potential for long-acting muscarinic …

Inhaled bronchodilators, including long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists (LAMA) and
long-acting β2-adrenoreceptor agonists (LABA), are the mainstay of pharmacological …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of death and disability
worldwide. Inhaled bronchodilators are the mainstay of COPD pharmacological treatment …

Combining a long-acting β 2-agonist (LABA) with a long-acting anti-muscarinic agent
(LAMA) provides synergistic benefit on airway smooth muscle relaxation, which may have …