The large individual variations in response to a similar nociceptive stimulus and the
development of persistent pain after an acute pain episode have puzzled researchers and …

Over the past decade there has been a burgeoning of research aimed specifically at better
understanding the role that fear, anxiety, and avoidance behavior play in the development …

It is widely acknowledged that pain is a universal experience that affects human beings
across the life span, serving an important protective function. Typical protective behaviors …

Chronic pain is a pervasive health care issue affecting over 50 million Americans and
costing more than $100 billion dollars annually in lost productivity and health care costs. As …

Objective: The fear-avoidance (FA) model of chronic pain describes how individuals
experiencing acute pain may become trapped into a vicious circle of chronic disability and …

This paper outlines an amendment to current fear-avoidance models of chronic pain. These
models propose that fear and avoidance behavior contribute significantly to the …

Research studies focusing on the fear-avoidance model have expanded considerably since
the review by Vlaeyen and Linton (Vlaeyen JWS & Linton, SJ (2000). Fear-avoidance and its …

Acute pain informs the individual that there is an imminent threat of body damage, and is
associated with the urge to escape and avoid. Fear learning takes place when neutral …

Current fear-anxiety-avoidance models of chronic pain emphasize pain-related fear and
anxiety as potential precursors for disabling chronic pain; however, anxiety and fear are …

Background The fear-avoidance model of chronic pain has established avoidance as a
predictor of negative outcomes in chronic pain patients. Avoidance, or deliberate attempts to …