Immune checkpoint molecules are the antigen-independent generator of secondary signals
that aid in maintaining the homeostasis of the immune system. The programmed death …

Abstract The PD-1/PD-L1 coinhibitory pathway has critical roles in the immune response
and autoimmunity via the regulation of T cell activity. Excessive activity and high expression …

Because of their vital function, the wall structures of medium and large arteries are
immunoprivileged and protected from inflammatory attack. That vascular immunoprivilege is …

Abstract The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a complex signaling pathway that has an important role in
the immune system cells. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) acts as an immune …

Currently, immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death
ligand 1 (PD-L1) has revolutionized the treatment strategy of human cancer patients …

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), a receptor on T cells, and its ligand, PD-L1, have
been a topic of much interest in cancer research. Both tumour and virus-infected cells can …

Objective—Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a member of the CD28 superfamily that
delivers negative signals on interaction with its 2 ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. We studied the …

Antibody‐based immunotherapies play a pivotal role in cancer research with efficient
achievements in tumor suppression. Tumor survival is assisted by modulation of immune …

Immunotherapies that target PD-1/PD-L1 axis have shown unprecedented success in a wide
variety of human cancers. PD-1 is one of the key coinhibitory receptors expressed on T cells …

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune
checkpoint has long been implicated in modeling antitumor immunity; PD-1/PD-L1 axis …