The protective efficacy of the influenza matrix protein epitope 58–66 (called M1), recognized
in the context of human HLA-A2 molecules, was evaluated in a HLA-A2/Kb transgenic …

Eight HLA B7‐restricted influenza A virus nucleoprotein 383–391‐specific cytotoxic T
lymphocyte (CTL) clones were obtained from three unrelated donors following natural …

Abstract Influenza A, B and C viruses (IAV, IBV and ICV, respectively) circulate globally and
infect humans, with IAV and IBV causing the most severe disease. CD8+ T cells confer cross …

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a leading cause of respiratory infections, with increased risk of
severe illness and death in the very young, aged, and immunocompromised individuals. In …

CD 4 T cells convey a number of discrete functions to protective immunity to influenza, a
complexity that distinguishes this arm of adaptive immunity from B cells and CD 8 T cells …

Cross-reactivity of T cells is defined as recognition of two or more peptide–MHC complexes
by the same T cell. Although examples of cross-reactivity have been reported, a detailed …

Influenza primed mice are protected against lethal infection with H1N1 A/CA/04/E3/09 virus,
and T depletion and serum transfer studies suggest a T-dependent mechanism. We …

We characterized the human CD8+ T cell response against influenza A viruses by a flow
cytometry–based assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were incubated with …

CD4 T cells play a primary role in regulating immune responses to pathogenic organisms
and to vaccines. Antigen-specific CD4 T cells provide cognate help to B cells, a requisite …

Cytokine polyfunctionality has recently emerged as a correlate of effective CTL immunity to
viruses and tumors. Although the determinants of polyfunctionality remain unclear, there are …