High IL-6 and low IL-10 in the central nervous system are associated with protracted relapsing EAE in DA rats

A Diab, J Zhu, BG Xiao, M Mustafa… - … of Neuropathology & …, 1997 - academic.oup.com
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a CD4+ T cell-mediated, inflammatory
demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that serves as a model for …

The immune pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: lessons learned for multiple sclerosis?

S Kuerten, PV Lehmann - Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research, 2011 - liebertpub.com
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelits (EAE) has been widely studied as a model for
multiple sclerosis (MS). EAE also holds a special place in basic autoimmune research. It is …

[HTML][HTML] Multiple sclerosis and the role of immune cells

RA Høglund, AA Maghazachi - World journal of experimental …, 2014 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease with many different immune cells involved in its
pathogenesis, and in particular T cells as the most recognized cell type. Recently, the innate …

Cytokine signaling in multiple sclerosis and its therapeutic applications

P Palle, KL Monaghan, SM Milne, ECK Wan - Medical sciences, 2017 - mdpi.com
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders in young adults.
The etiology of MS is not known but it is widely accepted that it is autoimmune in nature …

Altered M1/M2 activation patterns of monocytes in severe relapsing experimental rat model of multiple sclerosis. Amelioration of clinical status by M2 activated …

J Mikita, N Dubourdieu-Cassagno… - Multiple Sclerosis …, 2011 - journals.sagepub.com
Objectives: We investigated proinflammatory M1 and immunomodulatory M2 activation
profiles of circulating monocytes in relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis …

Macrophages and autoantibodies in demyelinating diseases

H Koike, M Katsuno - Cells, 2021 - mdpi.com
Myelin phagocytosis by macrophages has been an essential feature of demyelinating
diseases in the central and peripheral nervous systems, including Guillain–Barré syndrome …

Multiple sclerosis immunology: the healthy immune system vs the MS immune system

LH Kasper, J Shoemaker - Neurology, 2010 - AAN Enterprises
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by both
inflammation and axonal degeneration. The resulting demyelination and subsequent …

[HTML][HTML] The molecular basis of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis

H Lassmann, J van Horssen - FEBS letters, 2011 - Elsevier
Studies aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease and to find new therapeutic
options for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients heavily rely on experimental autoimmune …

Differential macrophage/microglia activation in neocortical EAE lesions in the marmoset monkey

D Merkler, R Böscke, B Schmelting, B Czéh… - Brain …, 2006 - Wiley Online Library
Recent studies revealed an important involvement of the cerebral cortex in multiple sclerosis
(MS) patients. Cortical lesions in MS were reported to be less inflammatory and to show less …

[HTML][HTML] Pathogenic mechanisms associated with different clinical courses of multiple sclerosis

H Lassmann - Frontiers in immunology, 2019 - frontiersin.org
In the majority of patients multiple sclerosis starts with a relapsing remitting course (RRMS),
which may at later times transform into secondary progressive disease (SPMS). In a minority …