While there have been significant recent advances in the medical management of chronic
HF (including the use of beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors …

Opinion statement Investigation of the complex biochemical pathways that underlie heart
failure (HF) has led to the recognition of multiple molecular markers that may help to …

Opinion statement Biomarkers, especially natriuretic peptides such as B-type natriuretic
peptide (BNP) and N-terminal-proBNP (NT-proBNP), are a valuable addition to standard …

Heart failure is a growing epidemic, and our understanding of the intricacies of its
pathophysiology continues to evolve. Over the last decade, biomarkers of heart failure have …

Heart failure (HF) has proven to be a major burden on the health system. The continuing
prevalence of the condition and its rising associated costs and care, has amplified the need …

Hospitalization for decompensated heart failure (HF) is associated with extraordinarily high
rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite its high prevalence its pathophysiologic …

Recent advances in treatment have led to increasing complexity in heart failure (HF)
management [1–3]. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor …

The increasing use of cardiac biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of heart failure
(HF) has led to their inclusion in clinical practice guidelines. Studies have demonstrated that …

Cardiac biomarkers play an important role in and provide better pathophysiological
understanding of chronic heart failure (CHF). Natriuretic peptides, especially B-type …

Biomarkers play an important role in heart failure, but there remain unanswered questions
regarding optimization of their use. They should be used as an adjunct to, not replacement …