Background: Almost 20 years after its discovery, the prevalence and clinical course of
human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)–associated myelopathy (HAM, also known as …

Background: Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I is the causative agent of HTLV-
associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis, and a number of HAM cases with …

Objective: To better differentiate patients with human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)–
associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) from patients with multiple …

Article abstract-Objective: HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) is a slowly progressive
spastic paraparesis caused by infection with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) …

Human T‐lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV‐I) and type II (HTLV‐II) are closely related
retroviruses with similar biological properties and common modes of transmission. HTLV‐I …

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) has been etiologically associated with a
neurologic syndrome called HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis …

Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)–associated myelopathy/tropical spastic
paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is associated with accumulation of HTLV-I–infected T cells in the …

To clarify clinical and laboratory findings that may be related to the pathomechanism of
HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), we analyzed these …

A high human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) proviral load is described in HTLV‐
1‐associated diseases, especially HAM/TSP. However, the cut‐off value to define high …

The contribution of human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) DNA by PCR in CSF and the
intrathecal synthesis of antibodies to HTLV-I by the antibody index (AI) to the diagnosis of …