It is generally believed that the production of influenza-specific IgG in response to viral
infection is dependent on CD4 T cells. However, we previously observed that CD40 …

Previous studies have indicated that B cells make a significant contribution to the resolution
of influenza virus infection. To determine how B cells participate in the control of the …

Recovery from influenza virus infection has long been known to require an intact T‐cell
compartment. More recent studies revealed that CD8 and CD4Tcells can promote recovery …

Memory CD4 T cells specific for influenza virus are generated from natural infection and
vaccination, persist long-term, and recognize determinants in seasonal and pandemic …

The mechanisms whereby CD4 T cells contribute to the protective response against lethal
influenza infection remain poorly characterized. To define the role of CD4 cells in protection …

In the adaptive immune response to most viruses, both the cellular and humoral arms of the
immune system play complementary roles in eliminating virus and virus-infected cells and in …

Through cognate interaction between antigen-specific B-cell and CD4+ αβ T cells, the CD4+
αβ T cells secrete cytokines that initiate immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching from IgM to IgG …

CD4+ T cells promote CD8+ T cell priming by licensing dendritic cells (DCs) via CD40–
CD154 interactions. However, the initial requirement for CD40 signaling may be replaced by …

Two models have been proposed to explain the requirement for CD40 signaling in CD8 T
cell responses. The first model suggests that CD4 T cells activate antigen-presenting cells …

Recovery from influenza virus infection is dependent on T cell functions which can be
provided either by CD8 or CD4 T cells. To identify the functions involved in recovery …