Physiology-based crop simulation models have become a key tool in extrapolating the
impact of climate change from limited experimental evidence to broader climatic zones, soil …

Ecophysiological models are widely used to forecast potential impacts of climate change on
future agricultural productivity and to examine options for adaptation by local stakeholders …

To predict the possible impacts of global warming and increased CO 2 on agriculture,
scientists use computer-based models that attempt to quantify the best-available knowledge …

Highlights•Most progress in assessing agricultural impacts was made by using ensemble
modelling.•Distinct crop model improvements were made in the response or cereals to heat …

The global climate is changing, and agriculture will need to adapt to the changes to ensure
sustainability and survival. Due to the complexity of agricultural systems and the complex …

Assessments of the relationships between crop productivity and climate change rely upon a
combination of modelling and measurement. As part of this review, this relationship is …

Climate change is projected to bring increased carbon dioxide, increased day and/or night
temperature, altered rainfall amounts, frequency, and intensity, as well as extended growing …

The methodology for an assessment of potential impacts of climate change on world crop
production, including quantitative estimates of yield and water-use changes for major crops …

Climate model projections coupled with process-based crop models are advocated for
assessing impacts of climate change on crop yields and for informing crop-level adaptations …

Potential consequences of climate change on crop production can be studied using
mechanistic crop simulation models. While a broad variety of maize simulation models exist …