Major difficulties investigating the developing cardiac conduction system stem from that the
embryonic heart is extremely small (< 2 mm) and cardiac activation is relatively rapid (< 8 …

In the mouse, the earliest heart precursors can be traced to approximately 50 founder cells
located on both sides of the midline in the epiblast of early gastrula stage embryos (E6 …

This concept received major support with the development of techniques for dissociating
embryonic tissues [27, 37, 561 and the discovery that reaggregates of such dissociated cells …

The origin of the avian cardiovascular system from the primitive streak has been mapped by
the construction of quail/chick transplantation chimeras, the use of QH-1 (an antiquail …

During early heart formation, the pre‐cardiac mesoderm becomes regionally differentiated
into segments destined to form ventricle, atria and sinoatrial tissue. Each region develops a …

We previously reported that combined treatment with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-
2) and fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4) induces cardiogenic events culminating in full …

The specialized conduction tissue network mediates coordinated propagation of electrical
activity through the adult vertebrate heart. Following activation of the atria, the activation …

An experimental system was devised to study the mecha-nisms by which cells become
committed to the cardiac myocyte lineage during avian development. Chick tissues from …

Heart development depends on the spatio-temporally regulated contribution of progenitor
cells from the primary, secondary and anterior heart fields. Primary heart field (PHF) cells are …

In amniote embryos, cells from a rostral portion of the primitive streak migrate anterolaterally
and establish the heart field mesoderm, from which two cardiac cell lineages …