Abstract l-lactate modifies proteins through lactylation, but how this process occurs is
unclear. Here we identify the alanyl-tRNA synthetases AARS1 and AARS2 (AARS1/2) as …

Abstract The mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) is a major regulator of
eukaryotic growth that coordinates anabolic and catabolic cellular processes with inputs …

Mistranslation arising from confusion of serine for alanine by alanyl-tRNA synthetases
(AlaRSs) has profound functional consequences,,. Throughout evolution, two editing …

All living organisms have the ability to sense nutrient levels to coordinate cellular
metabolism. Despite the importance of nutrient-sensing pathways that detect the levels of …

The mammalian immune system uses various pattern recognition receptors to recognize
invaders and host damage and transmits this information to downstream immunometabolic …

Nutrients are emerging regulators of adaptive immunity. Selective nutrients interplay with
immunological signals to activate mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a …

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) protein kinase is a master growth
regulator that responds to multiple environmental cues. Amino acids stimulate, in a Rag …

Lactylation has been recently identified as a new type of posttranslational modification
occurring widely on lysine residues of both histone and nonhistone proteins. The …

Nutrient availability is central for T-cell functions and immune responses. Here we report that
CD8+ T-cell activation and anti-tumour responses are strongly potentiated by the non …

The formation of aminoacyl-transfer RNA is a crucial step in ensuring the accuracy of protein
synthesis. Despite the central importance of this process in all living organisms, it remains …