The metabolic and hemodynamic dependencies of the blood oxygenation level-dependent
(BOLD) signal form the basis for calibrated fMRI, where the focus is on oxidative energy …

This article provides an overview of MRI methods exploiting magnetic susceptibility
properties of blood to assess cerebral oxygen metabolism, including the tissue oxygen …

Background Most multiple sclerosis (MS) patients experience fatigue and cognitive decline
but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Previous work has shown whole brain …

Calibrated BOLD is a promising technique that overcomes the sensitivity of conventional
fMRI to the cerebrovascular state; measuring either the basal level, or the task-induced …

As energy metabolism in the brain is largely oxidative, the measurement of cerebral
metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO 2) is a desirable biomarker for quantifying …

Cardiorespiratory fitness is thought to have beneficial effects on systemic vascular health, in
part, by decreasing arterial stiffness. However, in the absence of non-invasive methods, it …

Purpose Blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD)‐weighted and vessel‐encoded
arterial spin labeling (VE‐ASL) MRI provide complementary information and can be used in …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) show that many common alleles confer risk for
developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). These risk loci may contribute to MRI alterations in …

Functional MRI (fMRI) can identify active foci in response to stimuli through BOLD signal
fluctuations, which represent a complex interplay between blood flow and cerebral …

Vascular pathology is the second leading cause of cognitive impairment and represents a
major contributing factor in mixed dementia. However, biomarkers for vascular cognitive …