Organoids are 3D structures grown from pluripotent stem cells derived from human tissue
and serve as in vitro miniature models of human organs. Organoids are expected to …

Bone defects stemming from tumorous growths, traumatic events, and diverse conditions
present a profound conundrum in clinical practice and research. While bone has the …

Human cortical organoids, three-dimensional neuronal cultures, are emerging as powerful
tools to study brain development and dysfunction. However, whether organoids can …

Reciprocal deletion and duplication of the 16p11. 2 region is the most common copy number
variation (CNV) associated with autism spectrum disorders. We generated cortical organoids …

Advances in the field of human stem cells are often a source of public and ethical
controversy. Researchers must frequently balance diverse societal perspectives on …

Brain organoids, or cerebral organoids, have become widely used to study the human brain
in vitro. As pluripotent stem cell-derived structures capable of self-organization and …

Human brain organoids are generated from three-dimensional (3D) cultures of human
induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells, which partially replicate the …

Cell culture is one of the most core and fundamental techniques employed in the fields of
biology and medicine. At present, although the two‐dimensional cell culture method is …

Maternal alcohol exposure during pregnancy can substantially impact the development of
the fetus, causing a range of symptoms, known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) …

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted regulators of cell fate in several
developing tissues. In the embryonic spinal cord, they control the emergence of the neural …