Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) characterized by
impairments in social communication, repetitive behaviors, restricted interests, and …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive disorder that most frequently manifests in
early childhood and lasts for their entire lifespan. Several behavioural traits characterise the …

As a result of the ban on bisphenol A (BPA), a hormone disruptor with developmental
neurotoxicity, several BPA derivatives (BPs) have been widely used in industrial production …

Simple Summary Dietary vitamin supplementation is frequently mentioned as an alternative
therapy for people with autism but is still controversial due to a lack of studies. The current …

Heavy metal toxicity is a significant global health concern, with particular attention given to
lead (Pb) exposure due to its adverse effects on cognitive development, especially in …

Purpose The previous studies have suggested that serum homocysteine (Hcy) and vitamin B
levels are potentially related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the causality …

Over the past few decades, extensive research has shed light on immune alterations and the
significance of dysfunctional biological barriers in psychiatric disorders. The leaky gut …

Abstract Backgrounds The Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence has increased
significantly over the past two decades. This review summarizes the current knowledge of …

The study of inborn errors of neurotransmission has been mostly focused on monoamine
disorders, GABAergic and glycinergic defects. The study of the glutamatergic synapse using …

Neuropsychiatric disorders (NDs) are a diverse group of pathologies, including
schizophrenia or bipolar disorders, that directly affect the mental and physical health of …