Integrins are considered the main cell-adhesion transmembrane receptors that play
multifaceted roles as extracellular matrix (ECM)-cytoskeletal linkers and transducers in …

As an evolutionarily conserved signalling network, the Hippo pathway plays a crucial role in
the regulation of numerous biological processes. Thus, substantial efforts have been made …

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are sensors for a variety of cellular and
environmental signals. Mammals express a total of 28 different TRP channel proteins, which …

Ferroptosis is a mechanism of regulated necrotic cell death characterized by iron-
dependent, lipid peroxidation-driven membrane destruction that can be inhibited by …

The WNT–β-catenin system is an evolutionary conserved signalling pathway that is of
particular importance for morphogenesis and cell organization during embryogenesis. The …

Organoids serve as a novel tool for disease modeling in three-dimensional multicellular
contexts. Static organoids, however, lack the requisite biophysical microenvironment such …

Importance Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the 16th leading cause of years of life lost
worldwide. Appropriate screening, diagnosis, and management by primary care clinicians …

Primary cilia are specialized sensory organelles that protrude from the apical surface of most
cell types. Over the past two decades, they have been found to play important roles in tissue …

Human pluripotent stem-cell-derived organoids are models for human development and
disease. We report a modified human kidney organoid system that generates thousands of …

Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) in their 2012 Clinical Practice
Guidelines for Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease created a universal …