The early atherosclerotic lesions develop by the accumulation of arterial foam cells derived
mainly from cholesterol-loaded macrophages. Therefore, cholesterol and cholesteryl ester …

The typical Western diet, high in processed and animal-based foods, is nutritionally and
ethically problematic. Beyond the well-documented cruelty to animals that characterizes the …

Introduction: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) may play a key mediator role in the
relationship between the diet, gut microbiota and cardiovascular diseases, particularly in …

Background Over the recent years, the role of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) as a gut-
derived metabolite mediating cardiovascular disease pathogenesis has been under …

The gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has been regarded
as one of the potent risk factors for cardiovascular events and diabetes. In the current meta …

Context Several studies suggest a relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)
concentrations and increased cardiometabolic risk, but findings are controversial. Objective …

Importance Little is known about the association of trimethylamineN-oxide (TMAO), a novel
plasma metabolite derived from L-carnitine and phosphatidylcholine, and related …

Background: Gut microbiota-related metabolites, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), choline,
and betaine, have been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk …

Fish is an excellent source of ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), amino acids,
collagen, vitamins, and iodine and its intake is associated with health benefits, mainly …

Ample evidence suggests that gut microbiota-derived products affect the circulatory system
functions. For instance, short chain fatty acids, that are the products of dietary fiber bacterial …