In recent years, endocrine disrupting chemicals have gained interest in human
physiopathology and more and more studies aimed to explain how these chemicals …

Originally described over three hundred years ago, endometriosis is classically defined by
the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in extrauterine locations. Endometriosis is …

Sex ratio shifts in response to temperature are common in fish and reptiles. However, the
mechanism linking temperature during early development and sex ratios has remained …

Phthalates are esters of phthalic acid which are used in cosmetics and other daily personal
care products. They are also used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics to increase durability …

Background Although there have been numerous observations of vitamin D deficiency and
its links to chronic diseases, no studies have reported on how vitamin D status and vitamin …

Sex-specific differentiation, development, and function of the reproductive system are largely
dependent on steroid hormones. For this reason, developmental exposure to estrogenic and …

Abstract Introduction Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances
recognised as relevant tumourigenic chemicals. Studies show that even EDCs which were …

This review focuses on how environmental factors through epigenetics modify disease risk
and health outcomes. Major epigenetic events, such as histone modifications, DNA …

This mini-review refers to recent findings on psychobiological long-term consequences of
childhood trauma and adverse living conditions. The continuum of trauma-provoked …

Background Disease risk and incidence between males and females reveal differences, and
sex is an important component of any investigation of the determinants of phenotypes or …