The nature of the transition from acute to chronic pain still eludes explanation, but chronic
pain resulting from surgery provides a natural experiment that invites clinical …

10, 30, 34, 39, 41-43, 61, 71-73, 77, 78). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), diagnostic criteria for substance abuse include …

Constitutive receptor activity/inverse agonism and functional selectivity/biased agonism are
2 concepts in contemporary pharmacology that have major implications for the use of drugs …

Peripheral cannabinoid receptors exert a powerful inhibitory control over pain initiation, but
the endocannabinoid signal that normally engages this intrinsic analgesic mechanism is …

Potent and clinically significant analgesic effects can be brought about by opioids acting
outside the central nervous system. Injury and inflammation of peripheral tissues leads to …

This review summarizes recent findings on peripheral mechanisms underlying the
generation and inhibition of pain. The focus is on events occurring in peripheral injured …

Chronic pain remains unsatisfactorily treated, and few novel painkillers have reached the
market in the past century. Increasing the levels of the main endogenous opioid peptides …

Human genetic studies have implicated the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1. 7 as a
therapeutic target for the treatment of pain. A novel peptide, μ-theraphotoxin-Pn3a, isolated …

Chronic pain and prescription opioid abuse are extremely prevalent in the United States and
worldwide. The consequences of opioid misuse can be life-threatening with significant …

Research has revealed that local application of exogenous opioid agonists produces a
potent analgesic effect by activating peripheral opioid receptors in inflamed tissues. The …