Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer vesicles that are released by almost
all cell types. They range in diameter from 30 nm to several micrometres and have the ability …

Glioblastoma (GBM) treatment is still a big clinical challenge because of its highly malignant,
invasive, and lethal characteristics. After treatment with the conventional therapeutic …

Liver fibrosis is a process of over‐extracellular matrix (ECM) aggregation and angiogenesis,
which develops into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With the increasing …

Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a fundamental pathological feature of chronic kidney
disease (CKD). However, toxicity and poor renal enrichment of fibrosis inhibitors limit their …

The article is divided into several sections, focusing on extracellular vesicles'(EVs) nature,
features, commonly employed methodologies and strategies for their isolation/preparation …

Kidney diseases are a serious health issue worldwide, and novel therapeutics are urgently
needed. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potent drug delivery systems (DDSs) …

Kidney‐specific nanocarriers offer a targeted approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy and
reduce off‐target effects in renal treatments. The nanocarriers can achieve organ or cell …

The increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health
concern. Despite the complicated pathogenesis of CKD, renal fibrosis represents the most …

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide; in
most cases, it cannot be cured and can only delay the progression of the disease. At …

Diabetic wounds (DWs) pose a major challenge for the public health system owing to their
high incidence, complex pathogenesis, and long recovery time; thus, there is an urgent need …