Glomerular hematuria is a cardinal symptom of renal disease. Glomerular hematuria may be
classified as microhematuria or macrohematuria according to the number of red blood cells …

Abstract Collagen IV nephropathies (COL4Ns) comprise benign familial microscopic
hematuria, thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN), X-linked Alport syndrome (AS) …

Thin-basement-membrane nephropathy (TBMN) and Alport syndrome (AS) are progressive
collagen IV nephropathies caused by mutations in COL4A3/A4/A5 genes. These …

Haematuria was known as a benign hallmark of some glomerular diseases, but over the last
decade, new evidences pointed its negative implications on kidney disease progression …

Haematuria has long been considered to be a benign condition associated with glomerular
diseases. However, new evidences suggest that haematuria has a pathogenic role in …

Background Alport syndrome (ATS) is a progressive hereditary nephropathy characterized
by hematuria and proteinuria. It can be associated with extrarenal manifestations. In …

Background Familial hematuria (FH) is associated with at least two pathological entities: thin
basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN), caused by heterozygous COL4A3/COL4A4 …

The most frequent cause of familial glomerular hematuria is thin basement membrane
nephropathy (TBMN) caused by germline COL4A3 or COL4A4 gene mutations. Less …

Alport syndrome (ATS) results from X-linked, COL4A5 mutations (85%) or from autosomal
recessive homozygous or compound heterozygous COL4A3/A4 mutations (15%) …

Heparin binding epidermal growth factor (HBEGF) is expressed in podocytes and was
shown to play a role in glomerular physiology. MicroRNA binding sites on the 3′ UTR of …