The community of cells lining our airways plays a collaborative role in the preservation of
immune homeostasis in the lung and provides protection from the pathogens and pollutants …

Immune memory is a defining feature of the acquired immune system, but activation of the
innate immune system can also result in enhanced responsiveness to subsequent triggers …

Traditionally viewed as poorly plastic, neutrophils are now recognized as functionally
diverse; however, the extent and determinants of neutrophil heterogeneity in humans remain …

Classically considered short-lived and purely defensive leukocytes, neutrophils are unique
in their fast and moldable response to stimulation. This plastic behavior may underlie …

Sexual dimorphism refers to differences between biological sexes that extend beyond
sexual characteristics. In humans, sexual dimorphism in the immune response has been …

Nanoparticle (NP) is an emerging tool applied in the biomedical field. With combination of
different materials and adjustment of their physical and chemical properties, nanoparticles …

The ontogeny and maturation of the immune system is modulated by the microbiota. During
fetal life, the mother's microbiota produces compounds that are transferred to the fetus and …

Subunit vaccines are more advantageous than live attenuated vaccines in terms of safety
and scale-up manufacture. However, this often comes as a trade-off to their efficacy. Over …

The principle of trained immunity represents innate immune memory due to sustained,
mainly epigenetic, changes triggered by endogenous or exogenous stimuli in bone marrow …

Ischaemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death for which no acute treatments
exist beyond recanalization. The development of novel therapies has been repeatedly …