Antiretroviral therapy can effectively block HIV-1 replication and prevent or reverse
immunodeficiency in HIV-1-infected individuals. However, viral replication resumes within …

HIV-1 can establish a state of latent infection at the level of individual T cells. Latently
infected cells are rare in vivo and appear to arise when activated CD4+ T cells, the major …

Sustained, drug-free control of HIV-1 replication is naturally achieved in less than 0.5% of
infected individuals (here termed 'elite controllers'), despite the presence of a replication …

Antiretroviral therapy fails to cure HIV-1 infection because latent proviruses persist in resting
CD4+ T cells. T cell activation reverses latency, but< 1% of proviruses are induced to …

Despite antiretroviral therapy, HIV-1 persists in memory CD4+ T cells, creating a barrier to
cure. The majority of HIV-1 proviruses are defective and considered clinically irrelevant …

HIV-1 reservoirs preclude virus eradication in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral
therapy (HAART). The best characterized reservoir is a small, difficult-to-quantify pool of …

Reversal of HIV-1 latency by small molecules is a potential cure strategy. This approach will
likely require effective drug combinations to achieve high levels of latency reversal. Using …

Combinatory antiretroviral therapy (cART) reduces human immunodeficiency virus type 1
(HIV-1) replication but is not curative because cART interruption almost invariably leads to a …

One of the most explored therapeutic approaches aimed at eradicating HIV-1 reservoirs is
the “shock and kill” strategy which is based on HIV-1 reactivation in latently-infected cells …

The possibility of HIV-1 eradication has been limited by the existence of latently infected
cellular reservoirs. Studies to examine control of HIV latency and potential reactivation have …