Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient for humans, with pleiotropic functions related to its
ability to donate electrons. It is a potent antioxidant and a cofactor for a family of biosynthetic …

The primary function of the skin is to act as a barrier against insults from the environment,
and its unique structure reflects this. The skin is composed of two layers: the epidermal outer …

Methylation of cytosines in the mammalian genome represents a key epigenetic modification
and is dynamically regulated during development. Compelling evidence now suggests that …

The “epigenetics” concept was first described in 1942. Thus far, chemical modifications on
histones, DNA, and RNA have emerged as three important building blocks of epigenetic …

Hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) is an oxidation product of 5-methylcytosine which is present
in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of most mammalian cells. Reduction of hmC levels in …

Mitochondrial complex II (CII), also called succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), is a central
purveyor of the reprogramming of metabolic and respiratory adaptation in response to …

Formylcytosine (5fC) is a rare base found in mammalian DNA and thought to be involved in
active DNA demethylation. Here, we show that developmental dynamics of 5fC levels in …

A variety of endogenous and exogenous agents can induce DNA damage and lead to
genomic instability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important class of DNA damaging …

Abstract Background Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial
affliction, the pathogenesis of which is thought to involve gene-environment interactions that …

Active DNA demethylation in mammals involves oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-
hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) …