Sex differences occur in most non-communicable diseases, including metabolic diseases,
hypertension, cardiovascular disease, psychiatric and neurological disorders and cancer. In …

Combined with TCR stimuli, extracellular cytokine signals initiate the differentiation of naive
CD 4+ T cells into specialized effector T‐helper (Th) and regulatory T (Treg) cell subsets …

Tissue-specific DNA methylation is found at promoters, enhancers, and CpG islands but also
over larger genomic regions. In most human tissues, the vast majority of the genome is …

While urine has been an easily accessible and feasible matrix for human biomonitoring,
analytical measurements in internal tissues and organs can provide more accurate …

Epigenetic mechanisms, often defined as regulating gene activity independently of
underlying DNA sequence, are crucial for healthy development. The sum total of epigenetic …

Low weight at birth is associated with subsequent susceptibility to diabetes. Epigenetic
modulation is among the mechanisms potentially mediating this association. We performed …

Hormones have an important role in regulating fetal development. They act as
environmental signals and integrate tissue growth and differentiation with relation to nutrient …

Context: Adiponectin (adpN) production is down-regulated in several situations associated
with insulin resistance. The hypoadiponectinemia, which develops in late pregnancy …

Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is mainly transmitted vertically through breast
milk. The rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) through formula feeding, although …

Background: There are multiple potential regulators of neonatal vitamin D status of
environmental, genetic, and epigenetic origins. The relation between these factors and …