Lung cancer is the primary cause of mortality in the United States and around the globe.
Therapeutic options for lung cancer treatment include surgery, radiation therapy …

Somatic mutations in cancer cells can generate tumour-specific neoepitopes, which are
recognized by autologous T cells in the host. As neoepitopes are not subject to central …

The strategy of combining a vaccine with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been widely
investigated in cancer management, but the complete response rate for this strategy is still …

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a specialized ecosystem of host components, designed
by tumor cells for successful development and metastasis of tumor. With the advent of 3D …

Within the past decade, the field of immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of many
cancers with the development and regulatory approval of various immune-checkpoint …

Checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapies provide limited benefit to patients with tumors of low
immune reactivity. T cell-inducing vaccines hold promise to exert long-lasting disease …

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are expressed on the cell surface, where
they present peptides to T cells, which gives them a key role in the development of T-cell …

Many approaches to identify therapeutically relevant neoantigens couple tumor sequencing
with bioinformatic algorithms and inferred rules of tumor epitope immunogenicity. However …

Tumor organoids have been proposed as a model system for precision medicine. The ability
of tumor organoids to retain characteristics of the original tumor makes them unique for …

The optimization of therapeutic antibodies is time-intensive and resource-demanding,
largely because of the low-throughput screening of full-length antibodies (approximately 1× …