The microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA) is important in maintaining the structure and function
of the central nervous system (CNS) and is regulated by the CNS environment and signals …

Gambling disorder (GD) is a modestly prevalent and severe condition for which
neurobiology is not yet fully understood. Although alterations in signals involved in energy …

Adolescence and youth are critical periods in which alcohol consumption is usually initiated,
especially in the form of binge drinking. In recent years, it is increasingly common to find …

Background The heterogeneity of gambling disorder (GD) has led to the identification of
different subtypes, mostly including phenotypic features, with distinctive implications on the …

Background Neurobiological characteristics have been identified regarding the severity of
gambling disorder (GD). The aims of this study were:(1) to examine, through a path analysis …

Background & aims Chronic alcohol consumption can cause malnutrition that may contribute
to alcohol-induced organ injury and psychological disorders. We evaluated the link between …

Background: Although alcohol and nicotine are often used together, the biological
consequences of these substances are not well understood. Identifying shared targets will …

Objective This study explored the impact of a family intervention on the relapse rate of
Chinese patients with alcohol dependence. Methods A total of 151 male patients with …

Background: Sexual violence is associated with poor cardiometabolic outcomes, yet the
etiopathogenic pathways remain unclear. Adipokines may contribute to pathways in the …

Inhalants are legally available substances, most of them inexpensive, which are often
abused by adolescents. Craving causes their continued use and repeated relapses. There is …