The historical reliance of biological research on the use of animal models has sometimes
made it challenging to address questions that are specific to the understanding of human …

Abstract The Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HDCA) initiative, which is part of the Human
Cell Atlas, aims to create a comprehensive reference map of cells during development. This …

Cellular models are needed to study human development and disease in vitro, and to
screen drugs for toxicity and efficacy. Current approaches are limited in the engineering of …

Innovations in biomaterials and stem cell technology have allowed for the emergence of
novel three-dimensional (3D) tissue-like structures known as organoids and spheroids. As a …

The human brain is a complex, three‐dimensional structure. To better recapitulate brain
complexity, recent efforts have focused on the development of human‐specific midbrain …

With the prevalence of nanoplastics in daily life, human exposure is inevitable. However,
whether and how nanoplastics cause neurotoxicity in humans remains obscure. Herein, we …

Human brain organoids represent remarkable platforms for recapitulating features of human
brain development and diseases. Existing organoid models do not resolve fine brain …

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive cell loss leading to disruption
of the structure and function of the central nervous system. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis …

Many biomaterials have been developed which aim to match the elastic modulus of the
brain for improved interfacing. However, other properties such as ultimate toughness, tensile …

In 2008, researchers created human three-dimensional neural tissue–known as the
pioneering work of “brain organoids.” In recent years, some researchers have transplanted …