Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential cofactor for two metabolic pathways. It is obtained
principally from food of animal origin. Cobalamin becomes bioavailable through a series of …

Vitamin B 12 deficiency is a common condition which can present with non-specific clinical
features, and in severe cases with neurological or haematological abnormalities. Although …

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that is not made by plants; consequently, unfortified
plant-based foods are not a reliable supply. Recent estimates suggest high rates of vitamin …

The triage theory posits that modest micronutrient deficiencies may induce reallocation of
nutrients to processes necessary for immediate survival at the expense of long-term health …

The Vitamins: Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health, Fifth Edition, provides the latest
coverage of the biochemistry and physiology of vitamins and vitamin-like substances. Health …

The biosynthesis of B 12, involving up to 30 different enzyme-mediated steps, only occurs in
bacteria. Thus, most eukaryotes require an external source of B 12, and yet the vitamin …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly population,
affecting over 55 million people worldwide. Histopathological hallmarks of this multifactorial …

ABSTRACT Vitamin B-12 deficiency (< 148 pmol/L) is associated with adverse maternal and
neonatal outcomes, including developmental anomalies, spontaneous abortions …

B vitamin deficiency is a leading cause of neurological impairment and disability throughout
the world. Multiple B vitamin deficiencies often coexist, and thus an understanding of the …

Remyelination is a major therapeutic goal in human myelin disorders, serving to restore
function to demyelinated axons and providing neuroprotection. The target disorders that …