Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that severely affects patients' physical
and mental health, leading to chronic synovitis and destruction of bone joints. Although …

Autoimmune diseases are a group of heterogeneous diseases with diverse clinical
manifestations that can be divided into systemic and organ-specific. The common etiology of …

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein
kinase family of signaling molecules. ERK is predominantly found in two forms, ERK1 (p44) …

Increasing evidence shows that adipokines play a vital role in the development of
rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), a novel adipokine that …

The inflammatory-associated factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are widely reported to be associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) …

Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by cartilage erosion, synovium inflammation, and
subchondral bone remodeling, is a common joint degenerative disease worldwide. OA …

An association of melatonin levels with age disease initiation of autoimmune diseases and
pineal calcification was reported while an inverse association between melatonin levels and …

The recent pandemic of COVID-19 has already infected millions of individuals and has
resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands worldwide. Based on clinical features …

Myocardial infarction is characterized by sudden ischemia and cardiomyocyte death.
Mitochondria have critical roles in regulating cardiomyocyte viability and can sustain …

Extracts from Taiwan's traditional medicinal mushroom, Antrodia cinnamomea, exhibit anti-
inflammatory activities in cellular and preclinical studies. However, this paper is the first to …