DNA replication during cell proliferation is 'vertical'copying, which reproduces an initial
amount of genetic information. Polyploidy, which results from whole-genome duplication, is …

Metabolic changes in pregnant women begin in the first weeks after conception under the
influence of placental hormones that affect the metabolism of all nutrients. An increased …

Chronic diseases represent one of the major causes of death worldwide. It has been
suggested that pregnancy-related conditions, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) …

Maternal obesity (MO) is rising worldwide, affecting half of all gestations, constituting a
possible risk-factor for some pregnancy-associated liver diseases (PALD) and hepatic …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the biggest killer worldwide, composing a major economic
burden for health care systems. Obesity and diabetes are dual epidemics on the rise and …

Glucocorticoids have an important role in development of the metabolic phenotype in utero.
They act as environmental and maturational signals in adapting feto-placental metabolism to …

Obesity incidence has been increasing at an alarming rate, especially in women of
reproductive age. It is estimated that 50% of pregnancies occur in overweight or obese …

Women with preeclampsia (PE) have a greater risk of developing hypertension,
cardiovascular disease (CVD), and renal disease later in life. Angiotensin II type I receptor …

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased worldwide at an alarming rate. Metabolic syndrome
(MetS) is a major risk factor for T2D development. One of the main reasons for the abrupt …

Obesogenic environments such as Westernized diets, overnutrition, and exposure to
glycation during gestation and lactation can alter peripheral neuroendocrine factors in …