In 1925, 5-methylcytosine was first reported in bacteria. However, its biological importance
was not intuitive for several decades. After this initial lag, the ubiquitous presence of this …

Aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological integrity, leading to
impaired functional ability and ultimately increased susceptibility to death. It is a major risk …

Transcriptional regulation, which integrates chromatin accessibility, transcription factors and
epigenetic modifications, is crucial for establishing and maintaining cell identity. The …

DNA methylation (DNAme) and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) have
important roles in transcriptional regulation. Although many reports have characterized the …

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression. To
date, most DNA methylation studies have focussed on CpG islands in the gene promoter …

DNA methylation plays a vital role in epigenetic regulation in both plants and animals, and
typically occurs at the 5-carbon position of the cytosine pyrimidine ring within the CpG …

Abstract Cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS), initially identified as a cytosolic DNA sensor,
detects DNA fragments to trigger an innate immune response. Recently, accumulating …

Trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3) is crucial for the regulation of gene
repression and heterochromatin formation, cell-fate determination and organismal …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including the most prevalent Alzheimer's disease and
Parkinson disease, share common pathological features. Despite decades of gene‐centric …

Heterochromatin is defined as a chromosomal domain harboring repressive H3K9me2/3 or
H3K27me3 histone modifications and relevant factors that physically compact the chromatin …