Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) are Gram-negative bacteria that can invade a broad range
of hosts causing both acute and chronic infections. This phenotype is related to its ability to …

The interactions of nanomedicines with biological environments is heavily influenced by
their physicochemical properties. Formulation design and optimization are therefore key …

While the mammalian macrophage phenotypes have been intensively studied in vitro, the
dynamic of their phenotypic polarization has never been investigated in live vertebrates. We …

Despite tremendous efforts to develop stimuli-responsive enzyme delivery systems, their
efficacy has been mostly limited to in vitro applications. Here we introduce, by using an …

Transgenic labeling of innate immune cell lineages within the larval zebrafish allows for real-
time, in vivo analyses of microbial pathogenesis within a vertebrate host. To date, labeling of …

In this review, we support taking polarized immune responses in teleost fish from a
'macrophage first'point of view, a hypothesis that reverts the dichotomous T helper (TH) 1 …

Background Royal jelly (RJ), the exclusive food for the larva of queen honeybee, is regarded
as the novel supplement to promote human health. The function of RJ may be attributed to …

The recruitment of leukocytes to infectious foci depends strongly on the local release of
chemoattractant mediators. The human CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) is an important …

Innate immune defense against intracellular pathogens, like Salmonella, relies heavily on
the autophagy machinery of the host. This response is studied intensively in epithelial cells …

Neutrophils are highly motile phagocytic cells that play a critical role in the immune
response to infection. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are increasingly used to study neutrophil …