Endogenous retroviruses as modulators of innate immunity

E Russ, S Iordanskiy - Pathogens, 2023 - mdpi.com
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), or LTR retrotransposons, are a class of transposable
elements that are highly represented in mammalian genomes. Human ERVs (HERVs) make …

Intrinsic signalling factors associated with cancer cell-cell fusion

T Dittmar, R Hass - Cell Communication and Signaling, 2023 - Springer
Cellular fusion eg between cancer cells and normal cells represents a stepwise process that
is tightly regulated. During a pre-hybrid preparation program somatic cells and/or cancer …

Human endogenous retroviruses: our genomic fossils and companions

RA Stein, RV DePaola - Physiological Genomics, 2023 - journals.physiology.org
Approximately 8% of the human genome, over four times more than its protein-coding
regions, comprises sequences of viral origin that are known as human endogenous …

Extracellular events involved in cancer cell–cell fusion

T Dittmar, R Hass - International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022 - mdpi.com
Fusion among different cell populations represents a rare process that is mediated by both
intrinsic and extracellular events. Cellular hybrid formation is relayed by orchestrating tightly …

Envelope Recombination: A Major Driver in Shaping Retroviral Diversification and Evolution within the Host Genome

S Chabukswar, N Grandi, LT Lin, E Tramontano - Viruses, 2023 - mdpi.com
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are integrated into host DNA as the result of ancient germ
line infections, primarily by extinct exogenous retroviruses. Thus, vertebrates' genomes …

The important biological roles of Syncytin-1 of human endogenous retrovirus W (HERV-W) and Syncytin-2 of HERV-FRD in the human placenta development

M Gholami Barzoki, S Shatizadeh Malekshahi… - Molecular Biology …, 2023 - Springer
Abstract Background: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) entered the germ line by
retroviral infection from a distant ancestor over 30 million years ago and constitute 8% of the …

A comprehensive investigation of human endogenous retroviral syncytin proteins and their receptors in men with normozoospermia and impaired semen quality

GG Tas, B Soygur, O Kutlu, L Sati - Journal of Assisted Reproduction and …, 2023 - Springer
Purpose The study aims to investigate first the presence of Syncytin 2 and its receptor,
MFSD2, in human sperm, and second whether the expressions of Syncytin 1, Syncytin 2 …

Molecular mechanisms of syncytin-1 in tumors and placental development related diseases

Q Wang, Y Shi, Q Bian, N Zhang, M Wang, J Wang… - Discover Oncology, 2023 - Springer
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) have evolved from exogenous retroviruses and
account for approximately 8% of the human genome. A growing number of findings suggest …

Immune suppression of vaccine-induced CD8+ T-cell responses by gamma retrovirus envelope is mediated by interleukin-10-producing CD4+ T cells

P Podschwadt, A Malyshkina, S Windmann… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Retroviral envelope (Env) proteins have long been recognized to exhibit
immunosuppressive properties, which affect the CD8+ T-cell response to an infection but …

Why do certain cancer cells alter functionality and fuse?

T Dittmar, M Sieler, R Hass - Biological Chemistry, 2023 - degruyter.com
Cancer cell fusion represents a rare event. However, the surviving cancer hybrid cells after a
post-hybrid selection process (PHSP) can overgrow other cancer cells by exhibiting a …