In 1925, 5-methylcytosine was first reported in bacteria. However, its biological importance
was not intuitive for several decades. After this initial lag, the ubiquitous presence of this …

Cancer development is driven by the accumulation of alterations affecting the structure and
function of the genome. Whereas genetic changes disrupt the DNA sequence, epigenetic …

Cell type-specific gene expression patterns and dynamics during development or in disease
are controlled by cis-regulatory elements (CREs), such as promoters and enhancers …

Whole blood, as one of the most significant biological fluids, provides critical information for
health management and disease monitoring. Over the past 10 years, advances in …

Chronic antigen stimulation during viral infections and cancer can lead to T cell exhaustion,
which is characterized by reduced effector function and proliferation, and the expression of …

The human and mouse genomes contain instructions that specify RNAs and proteins and
govern the timing, magnitude, and cellular context of their production. To better delineate …

Mobile elements and repetitive genomic regions are sources of lineage-specific genomic
innovation and uniquely fingerprint individual genomes. Comprehensive analyses of such …

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is one of the fundamental elements affecting people's health and well-
being. Currently, there is a lack of awareness among people about the quantification …

DNA methylation is of paramount importance for mammalian embryonic development. DNA
methylation has numerous functions: it is implicated in the repression of transposons and …

Epigenetics is dynamic and heritable modifications to the genome that occur independently
of DNA sequence. It requires interactions cohesively with various enzymes and other …