The transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family factors induce pleiotropic effects and are
involved in the regulation of most normal and pathological cellular processes. The activity of …

BACKGROUND: The diversity of cell types and tissue types that originate throughout
development derives from the differentiation potential of embryonic stem cells and somatic …

BACKGROUND: Members of the Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily of
cytokines are essential for early embryonic development and play crucial roles in …

A significant challenge for the development of safe pluripotent stem cell‐based therapies is
the incomplete in vitro differentiation of the pluripotent stem cells and the presence of …

Members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family have been implicated in
embryogenesis as well as in the determination of the cell fates of mouse and human …

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-βs and their family members, including bone
morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), Nodal and activins, have been implicated in the …

The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signalling pathway regulates a range of
important cellular processes in a context-dependent manner. Recent discoveries have …

Soon after the discovery of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), seminal work in vertebrate
and invertebrate models revealed the TGF-β family to be central regulators of tissue …

To rejuvenate tissues and/or repair wounds, stem cells must receive extrinsic signals from
their surrounding environment and integrate them with their intrinsic abilities to self-renew …

Ligands of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family members have been implicated in
the development and patho-physiological process of various organs. Embryonic stem cells …