BACKGROUND Chromatin is the essential medium through which transcription factors,
signaling pathways, and other cues alter gene activity and cellular phenotypes. It assumes …

Deregulation of gene expression is a hallmark of cancer. Although genetic lesions have
been the focus of cancer research for many years, it has become increasingly recognized …

Cancer evolution at all stages is driven by both epigenetic abnormalities as well as genetic
alterations. Dysregulation of epigenetic control events may lead to abnormal patterns of …

Epigenetic mechanisms act to change the accessibility of chromatin to transcriptional
regulation locally and globally via modifications of the DNA and by modification or …

Epigenetic signals are responsible for the establishment, maintenance, and reversal of
metastable transcriptional states that are fundamental for the cell's ability to “remember” past …

During development and differentiation, early inductive processes that influence cell fate at a
later stage leave marks at distinct gene loci that are maintained through several rounds of …

Epigenetic factors alter phenotype without changing genotype. A primary molecular
mechanism underlying epigenetics is the alteration of chromatin structure by covalent DNA …

Epigenetic and genetic alterations have long been thought of as two separate mechanisms
participating in carcinogenesis. A recent outcome of whole exome sequencing of thousands …

Epigenetic changes are present in all human cancers and are now known to cooperate with
genetic alterations to drive the cancer phenotype. These changes involve DNA methylation …

Cancer was thought to be caused solely by genetic mutations in oncogenes and tumor
suppressor genes. In the last 35 years, however, epigenetic changes have been …