Genetically encoded calcium indicators, such as cameleon, have offered the promise of
noninvasively monitoring activity of neurons, but no one has demonstrated whether these …

Highlights•Neural activity can now be recorded in all cells of larval zebrafish
brains.•Neurons involved in sensation, motor control, and learning have been …

Electrophysiology and optical indicators have been used in vertebrate systems to investigate
excitable cell firing and calcium transients, but both techniques have been difficult to apply in …

The zebrafish larva is a powerful model for the analysis of behaviour and the underlying
neuronal network activity during early stages of development. Here we employ a new …

Genetically encoded optical probes of neuronal activity offer the prospect of simultaneous
recordings of neuronal activity and behavior in intact animals. A central problem in …

1. One of the major obstacles in studying vertebrate neural networks is the difficulty in
simultaneously monitoring activity in a population of neurons. To take advantage of the …

Various genetically encoded fluorescent sensors that monitor changes in intracellular
calcium concentration have been developed over the last few years. The ability to target …

Vertebrate behaviours are produced by activity in populations of neurons, but the techniques
typically used to study activity allow only one or very few nerve cells to be monitored at a …

To understand how the brain perceives the external world, it is desirable to observe
neuronal activity in the brain in real time during perception. The zebrafish is a suitable model …

Organisms use their sensory systems to acquire information from their environment and
integrate this information to produce relevant behaviors. Nevertheless, how sensory …