'Ready made'virulence and 'dual use'virulence factors in pathogenic environmental fungi—the Cryptococcus neoformans paradigm

A Casadevall, JN Steenbergen… - Current Opinion in …, 2003 - Elsevier
Environmental pathogenic fungi present a paradox in that they are virulent in animals
without requiring animal hosts for replication or survival, a phenomenon we call 'ready …

[HTML][HTML] The origin and maintenance of virulence for the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans

JN Steenbergen, A Casadevall - Microbes and infection, 2003 - Elsevier
The origin of virulence in environmental fungi that have no requirement for animal hosts in
their life cycle is enigmatic. Cryptococcus neoformans is a human pathogenic fungus with …

The tools for virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans

C Coelho, AL Bocca, A Casadevall - Advances in applied microbiology, 2014 - Elsevier
Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes almost half a million deaths
each year. It is believed that most humans are infected with C. neoformans, possibly in a …

Cryptococcus neoformans: morphogenesis, infection, and evolution

X Lin - Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 2009 - Elsevier
Cryptococcus neoformans is the major causative agent of fungal meningoencephalitis in
both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. During infection, this fungus …

Cryptococcus neoformans: A sugar-coated killer with designer genes

JR Perfect - FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, 2005 - academic.oup.com
Cryptococcus neoformans has become a common central nervous system pathogen as the
immunocompromised populations enlarge world-wide. This encapsulated yeast has …

Virulence mechanisms and Cryptococcus neoformans pathogenesis

JA Alspaugh - Fungal Genetics and Biology, 2015 - Elsevier
The human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans is able to rapidly and effectively
adapt to varying conditions, favoring its survival in the environment and in the infected host …

Amoeba provide insight into the origin of virulence in pathogenic fungi

A Casadevall - Recent advances on model hosts, 2011 - Springer
Why are some fungi pathogenic while the majority poses no threat to humans or other
hosts? Of the more than 1.5 million fungal species only about 150–300 are pathogenic for …

Adaptation of Cryptococcus neoformans to mammalian hosts: integrated regulation of metabolism and virulence

J Kronstad, S Saikia, ED Nielson, M Kretschmer… - Eukaryotic …, 2012 - Am Soc Microbiol
The basidiomycete fungus Cryptococcus neoformans infects humans via inhalation of
desiccated yeast cells or spores from the environment. In the absence of effective immune …

Identification of ENA1 as a Virulence Gene of the Human Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformans through Signature-Tagged Insertional Mutagenesis

A Idnurm, FJ Walton, A Floyd, JL Reedy… - Eukaryotic cell, 2009 - Am Soc Microbiol
ABSTRACT A library of more than 4,500 signature-tagged insertion mutants of the human
pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans was generated, and a subset was screened in …

[HTML][HTML] The outcome of Cryptococcus neoformansintracellular pathogenesis in human monocytes

M Alvarez, T Burn, Y Luo, L Pirofski, A Casadevall - BMC microbiology, 2009 - Springer
Background Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that is a facultative
intracellular pathogen. The interaction between macrophages and C. neoformans is critical …