Observing responses produce contact with stimuli that are to be discriminated and have
been considered an animal model of attending. In the observing-response procedure …

Clinical observations suggest that stimuli associated with the availability or consumption of
ethanol can evoke subjective feelings of craving and trigger episodes of relapse in abstinent …

Exposure of alcohol addicts to alcohol-related environmental cues may elicit alcohol-
seeking behaviour even after protracted abstinence. The purpose of the present study was …

Background: Initiation and maintenance of compulsive alcohol drinking involves a sequence
of behaviors which occur in the presence of environmental cues. Animal models using …

In male rats, physical contexts that are associated with alcohol can amplify the response to a
discrete, alcohol-predictive conditioned stimulus (CS), and amplify prime-induced …

Specifying the motivation for a behavior involves determining the factors that start, maintain,
and stop that behavior. The present study tested a simple theory for the motivation of drug …

Rationale Observing responses bring sensory receptors into contact with environmental
stimuli. In the observing-response procedure, periods in which an operant response (eg …

We have recently shown that the alcohol self-administration context can reinstate
extinguished responding for alcohol when that extinction occurs in a different context …

This study examined whether habituation, a decrease in responsiveness to a repeatedly
presented stimulus, occurs to ethanol reinforcers in alcohol-preferring (P) rats. Three …

In the resurgence preparation, extinguished alcohol-maintained responding increases when
food reinforcement introduced into the same context during extinction is also subsequently …