Many mammals spontaneously rear on their hind legs in response to novelty. The current
paper is the first review of rearing behaviour, and is intended to collate findings from different …

Behavioural ecology assumes that cognitive traits and their underlying neural substrates are
shaped by natural selection in much the same way as morphological traits are, resulting in …

The hippocampus is believed to play an important role in spatial cognition and anxiety.
Much of the supporting evidence is derived from rat studies. Recent reports on hippocampal …

Understanding the survival value of behaviour does not tell us how the mechanisms that
control this behaviour work. Nevertheless, understanding survival value can guide the study …

The amount of information amassed on the hippocampus is staggering. Certainly more than
any other brain structure, the role of the hippocampus in learning has been explored at …

Rodents used in biomedical research are typically reared in small cages that lack key
features of their natural habitats. These conditions impose constraints on behaviour and …

Many animals regularly hoard food for future use, which appears to be an important
adaptation to a seasonally and/or unpredictably changing environment. This food-hoarding …

Animals occupy territories in which resources such as food and shelter are often distributed
unevenly. While studies of exploratory behavior have typically involved the laboratory rodent …

A general method for studying monkeys' memories is to teach the animals memory-
dependent performance rules: for example, to choose, out of two visual stimuli, the one that …

We tested the general assumption that enrichment of the housing environment is rewarding
to laboratory rats, Rattus norvegicus. We used the behavioural response in anticipation of a …