Renal and ureteral calculi comprise the majority of genitourinary calcifications encountered
clinically. Significant morbidity, however, may occur from less common urologic calculi …

Most calculi of the urinary system arise from common components of urine, such as calcium
oxalate or phosphate or uric acid. Still other calculi may be promoted by anatomic or …

The formation of stones in the urinary tract has plagued man for centuries A vesicular
calculus has been found in a 7000 year old Egyptian mummy," and Hippocrates discussed …

Stone in the urinary tract has fascinated the medical profession from the earliest times and
has played an important part in the development of surgery. The earliest major planned …

Experimental and clinical aspects of calculogenesis about foreign bodies are reviewed.
Factors such as infections, urine dilution, urinary pH, and suture materials are discussed …

In the formation of calculi within the urinary tract, two fundamental factors are critical when
crystals precipitate and stones form: They are solute and the solution itself, which must be …

The human body can manufacture a variety of different stone types (See Fig. 6.1). The more
common types of stones include calcium, uric acid, struvite and cystine. There are a variety …

Since the time of Hippocrates, who counseled to ''not cut persons laboring under the stone,
but… leave this to be done by men who are practitioners of this work,''physicians have cared …

Urinary stones are polycrystalline aggregates consisting of varying amounts of crystal and
organic matrix components. Although urolithiasis is inclusive of renal, ureteral, and bladder …

In the formation of calculi within the urinary tract, two fundamental factors are critical when
crystals precipitate and stones form: They are solute and the solution itself, which must be …