Understanding regulatory mechanisms of protein synthesis in eukaryotes is essential for the
accurate annotation of genome sequences. Kozak reported that the nucleotide sequence …

Protein expression in the cell is affected by various sequence-dependent features. Several
such sequence-dependent features have been individually studied, yet they have not been …

Reconstruction of the evolution of start codons in 36 groups of closely related bacterial and
archaeal genomes reveals purifying selection affecting AUG codons. The AUG starts are …

Alternative start AUG codons within a single transcript can contribute to diversity of the
proteome; however, their functional significance remains controversial. Here, we provide …

The codon that follows the AUG initiation triplet (+ 2 codon) affects gene expression in
Escherichia coli. We have extended this analysis using two model genes lacking any …

Previous studies have shown that translation of mrna for yeast glycyl-tRNA synthetase is
alternatively initiated from UUG and a downstream AUG initiation codon. Evidence …

More than two decades ago Marilyn Kozak proposed the scanning model of translation
initiation, whereby translation is initiated at the first AUG codon that is in a particular context …

It is well known that stop codons play a critical role in the process of protein synthesis.
However, little effort has been made to investigate whether stop codon usage exhibits …

The initiation of mRNA translation from start codons other than AUG was previously believed
to be rare and of relatively low impact. More recently, evidence has suggested that as much …

Nucleotide substitutions were introduced into the initiation site of an influenza virus NS
cDNA derivative at the+ 4,+ 5 and+ 6 positions (where the A of the AUG codon is defined …