Lymphoid follicles in the lung parenchyma are a characteristic feature of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). There are reports of altered CD4 T-regulatory cell numbers in …

Although the presence of pulmonary lymphoid follicles (LFs) has been associated with the
progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is no information …

Inflammation is a main pathogenetic factor in the development and progression of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, it has become clear that not only the …

Introduction: Many theories have been proposed to explain pathogenesis of COPD;
however, remains unclear why the majority of smokers (~ 80%) do not develop COPD, or …

Tobacco smoking induces an inflammatory response in the lungs of all smokers but, for
reasons that are still poorly understood, only a proportion of them develop chronic …

Background: The numbers of airway CD8 and B lymphocytes are increased in COPD
patients, suggesting an autoimmune process. CD4-regulatory T cells control autoimmunity …

T cells are accumulated in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
patients. Intraepithelial T cells, expressing the integrin αE (CD103) β7, and regulatory T cells …

Background Regulatory T cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD by the
increased expression of CD25 on helper T cells along with enhanced intracellular …

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder
characterized by poorly reversible airway obstruction and its pathogenesis remains largely …

BACKGROUND: The airway epithelium is the first line of defence in the response to inhaled
particles and irritants. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory …