Coastal waters support∼ 90 per cent of global fisheries and are therefore an important food
reserve for our planet. Eutrophication of these waters, due to human activity, leads to severe …

THE sulphur cycle has evolved over the course of the Earth's history1, 2. The early Earth's
surface environment was reducing, containing little atmospheric oxygen3, and with seawater …

The bacterial reduction of sulphate to sulphide at the sea bed is a key process in the oceanic
sulphur cycle, and is responsible for the oxidation of organic matter which becomes buried …

Sulphate-reducing microbes affect the modern sulphur cycle, and may be quite ancient,,
though when they evolved is uncertain. These organisms produce sulphide while oxidizing …

In recent marine sediments, bacterial reduction of seawater sulphate is responsible for the
formation of diagenetic sulphides, which are typically strongly depleted in 34S relative to …

The disappearance of iron formations from the geological record∼ 1.8 billion years (Gyr)
ago was the consequence of rising oxygen levels in the atmosphere starting 2.45–2.32 Gyr …

In a symbiotic association between an invertebrate host and chemoautotrophic bacteria,
each partner has different metabolic requirements, and the host typically supplies the …

A previously unknown giant sulfur bacterium is abundant in sediments underlying the
oxygen minimum zone of the Benguela Current upwelling system. The bacterium has a …

Sulphur is a universally required cell nutrient found in two amino acids and other small
organic molecules. All aerobic marine bacteria are known to use assimilatory sulphate …

ATMOSPHERIC dimethyl sulphide, arising from marine algae, cyanobacteria and salt marsh
plants such as Spartina, is the principal sulphur compound entering the atmosphere from …